RLS was founded in 1990. The Foundation promotes critical analysis of society and supports activities that aim a socially just and inclusive society. The foundation promotes cooperation and equitable dialogue and develops concepts and practices of civic education. In this way the foundation is committed to the legacy of Rosa Luxemburg, which involves criticizing capitalism, opposing imperialism, war and upholding the values of democracy, social justice and solidarity.
RLS operates in the Central Asian region through its office, which opened in Almaty in 2019. The program is funded by the German Parliament through the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung - BMZ). Based on the ideas of democratic socialism, the program promotes economic, social, cultural, environmental and civil rights as well as regional and interregional cooperation in Central Asia and beyond.
RLS supports the activities of partner organizations in Central Asia that are officially registered in one of the countries of the region. Organizations must share common values and goals in order to receive support from the foundation. RLS cooperates with non-governmental organizations (NGOs), social movements, educational and cultural institutions. Projects supported by the Foundation must have a strictly non-profit orientation.